diff --git a/backend/src/activitypub/routes/webfinger.spec.js b/backend/src/activitypub/routes/webfinger.spec.js
index 8b0e5ff55..33b4f552f 100644
--- a/backend/src/activitypub/routes/webfinger.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/activitypub/routes/webfinger.spec.js
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ beforeAll(async () => {
 
 afterAll(async () => {
   await cleanDatabase()
+  driver.close()
 })
 
 // TODO: avoid database clean after each test in the future if possible for performance and flakyness reasons by filling the database step by step, see issue https://github.com/Ocelot-Social-Community/Ocelot-Social/issues/4543
diff --git a/backend/src/jwt/decode.spec.js b/backend/src/jwt/decode.spec.js
index bb247f028..84caba736 100644
--- a/backend/src/jwt/decode.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/jwt/decode.spec.js
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ beforeAll(async () => {
 
 afterAll(async () => {
   await cleanDatabase()
+  driver.close()
 })
 
 // TODO: avoid database clean after each test in the future if possible for performance and flakyness reasons by filling the database step by step, see issue https://github.com/Ocelot-Social-Community/Ocelot-Social/issues/4543
diff --git a/backend/src/middleware/hashtags/hashtagsMiddleware.spec.js b/backend/src/middleware/hashtags/hashtagsMiddleware.spec.js
index 19f60556f..bcecee73b 100644
--- a/backend/src/middleware/hashtags/hashtagsMiddleware.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/middleware/hashtags/hashtagsMiddleware.spec.js
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ beforeAll(async () => {
 
 afterAll(async () => {
   await cleanDatabase()
+  driver.close()
 })
 
 beforeEach(async () => {
diff --git a/backend/src/middleware/helpers/email/templateBuilder.spec.js b/backend/src/middleware/helpers/email/templateBuilder.spec.js
index 7b4310483..d5b0edf21 100644
--- a/backend/src/middleware/helpers/email/templateBuilder.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/middleware/helpers/email/templateBuilder.spec.js
@@ -80,14 +80,6 @@ const testEmailData = (emailTemplate, templateBuilder, templateData, texts) => {
   return emailTemplate
 }
 
-// beforeAll(async () => {
-//   await cleanDatabase()
-// })
-
-// afterAll(async () => {
-//   await cleanDatabase()
-// })
-
 describe('templateBuilder', () => {
   describe('signupTemplate', () => {
     describe('multi language', () => {
diff --git a/backend/src/middleware/languages/languages.spec.js b/backend/src/middleware/languages/languages.spec.js
index b22de9148..99e87152e 100644
--- a/backend/src/middleware/languages/languages.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/middleware/languages/languages.spec.js
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ beforeAll(async () => {
 
 afterAll(async () => {
   await cleanDatabase()
+  driver.close()
 })
 
 const createPostMutation = gql`
diff --git a/backend/src/middleware/notifications/notificationsMiddleware.spec.js b/backend/src/middleware/notifications/notificationsMiddleware.spec.js
index 6c06ac072..ad7fd3f8c 100644
--- a/backend/src/middleware/notifications/notificationsMiddleware.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/middleware/notifications/notificationsMiddleware.spec.js
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ beforeAll(async () => {
 
 afterAll(async () => {
   await cleanDatabase()
+  driver.close()
 })
 
 beforeEach(async () => {
diff --git a/backend/src/middleware/orderByMiddleware.spec.js b/backend/src/middleware/orderByMiddleware.spec.js
index cc3cf7a94..1aef1c52a 100644
--- a/backend/src/middleware/orderByMiddleware.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/middleware/orderByMiddleware.spec.js
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ beforeAll(async () => {
 
 afterAll(async () => {
   await cleanDatabase()
+  driver.close()
 })
 
 beforeEach(async () => {
diff --git a/backend/src/middleware/permissionsMiddleware.spec.js b/backend/src/middleware/permissionsMiddleware.spec.js
index 9d71314bb..35a2ab82b 100644
--- a/backend/src/middleware/permissionsMiddleware.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/middleware/permissionsMiddleware.spec.js
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ describe('authorization', () => {
 
   afterAll(async () => {
     await cleanDatabase()
+    driver.close()
   })
 
   // TODO: avoid database clean after each test in the future if possible for performance and flakyness reasons by filling the database step by step, see issue https://github.com/Ocelot-Social-Community/Ocelot-Social/issues/4543
diff --git a/backend/src/middleware/slugifyMiddleware.spec.js b/backend/src/middleware/slugifyMiddleware.spec.js
index cfcd71ab7..b0b2371b2 100644
--- a/backend/src/middleware/slugifyMiddleware.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/middleware/slugifyMiddleware.spec.js
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ beforeAll(async () => {
 
 afterAll(async () => {
   await cleanDatabase()
+  driver.close()
 })
 
 beforeEach(async () => {
@@ -152,7 +153,7 @@ describe('slugifyMiddleware', () => {
       })
 
       describe('but if the client specifies a slug', () => {
-        it('rejects CreateGroup', async (done) => {
+        it('rejects CreateGroup', async () => {
           try {
             await expect(
               mutate({
@@ -171,7 +172,6 @@ describe('slugifyMiddleware', () => {
                 },
               ],
             })
-            done()
           } catch (error) {
             throw new Error(`
               ${error}
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ describe('slugifyMiddleware', () => {
         })
 
         describe('setting slug explicitly', () => {
-          it('rejects UpdateGroup', async (done) => {
+          it('rejects UpdateGroup', async () => {
             try {
               await expect(
                 mutate({
@@ -275,7 +275,6 @@ describe('slugifyMiddleware', () => {
                   },
                 ],
               })
-              done()
             } catch (error) {
               throw new Error(`
                 ${error}
@@ -382,7 +381,7 @@ describe('slugifyMiddleware', () => {
       })
 
       describe('but if the client specifies a slug', () => {
-        it('rejects CreatePost', async (done) => {
+        it('rejects CreatePost', async () => {
           try {
             await expect(
               mutate({
@@ -402,7 +401,6 @@ describe('slugifyMiddleware', () => {
                 },
               ],
             })
-            done()
           } catch (error) {
             throw new Error(`
               ${error}
diff --git a/backend/src/middleware/softDelete/softDeleteMiddleware.spec.js b/backend/src/middleware/softDelete/softDeleteMiddleware.spec.js
index a4d32c4a7..7e14cad1f 100644
--- a/backend/src/middleware/softDelete/softDeleteMiddleware.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/middleware/softDelete/softDeleteMiddleware.spec.js
@@ -195,6 +195,7 @@ beforeAll(async () => {
 
 afterAll(async () => {
   await cleanDatabase()
+  driver.close()
 })
 
 describe('softDeleteMiddleware', () => {
diff --git a/backend/src/middleware/userInteractions.spec.js b/backend/src/middleware/userInteractions.spec.js
index 3846e1e8e..2f97bda5a 100644
--- a/backend/src/middleware/userInteractions.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/middleware/userInteractions.spec.js
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ beforeAll(async () => {
 
 afterAll(async () => {
   await cleanDatabase()
+  driver.close()
 })
 
 describe('middleware/userInteractions', () => {
diff --git a/backend/src/middleware/validation/validationMiddleware.spec.js b/backend/src/middleware/validation/validationMiddleware.spec.js
index b6bcafa9b..a887832c1 100644
--- a/backend/src/middleware/validation/validationMiddleware.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/middleware/validation/validationMiddleware.spec.js
@@ -75,6 +75,7 @@ beforeAll(async () => {
 
 afterAll(async () => {
   await cleanDatabase()
+  driver.close()
 })
 
 beforeEach(async () => {
diff --git a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/comments.spec.js b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/comments.spec.js
index 33b33ed3e..09487082e 100644
--- a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/comments.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/comments.spec.js
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ beforeAll(async () => {
 
 afterAll(async () => {
   await cleanDatabase()
+  driver.close()
 })
 
 beforeEach(async () => {
diff --git a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/donations.spec.js b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/donations.spec.js
index 11df0c67b..5a2bcfd7b 100644
--- a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/donations.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/donations.spec.js
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ beforeAll(async () => {
 
 afterAll(async () => {
   await cleanDatabase()
+  driver.close()
 })
 
 describe('donations', () => {
diff --git a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/emails.spec.js b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/emails.spec.js
index 068e9263c..4778e3fcf 100644
--- a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/emails.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/emails.spec.js
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ beforeAll(async () => {
 
 afterAll(async () => {
   await cleanDatabase()
+  driver.close()
 })
 
 beforeEach(async () => {
diff --git a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/follow.spec.js b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/follow.spec.js
index e0b2a277a..14d8a366d 100644
--- a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/follow.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/follow.spec.js
@@ -71,6 +71,7 @@ beforeAll(async () => {
 
 afterAll(async () => {
   await cleanDatabase()
+  driver.close()
 })
 
 beforeEach(async () => {
diff --git a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/groups.spec.js b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/groups.spec.js
index e122eeb13..3b84f4b42 100644
--- a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/groups.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/groups.spec.js
@@ -252,6 +252,7 @@ beforeAll(async () => {
 
 afterAll(async () => {
   await cleanDatabase()
+  driver.close()
 })
 
 describe('in mode', () => {
diff --git a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/images/images.spec.js b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/images/images.spec.js
index 5ede151a9..078e9dcef 100644
--- a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/images/images.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/images/images.spec.js
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ beforeAll(async () => {
 
 afterAll(async () => {
   await cleanDatabase()
+  driver.close()
 })
 
 beforeEach(async () => {
diff --git a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/inviteCodes.spec.js b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/inviteCodes.spec.js
index 72e2a2492..b55ab079b 100644
--- a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/inviteCodes.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/inviteCodes.spec.js
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ beforeAll(async () => {
 
 afterAll(async () => {
   await cleanDatabase()
+  driver.close()
 })
 
 describe('inviteCodes', () => {
diff --git a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/locations.spec.js b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/locations.spec.js
index 3742c59c6..87542cf6d 100644
--- a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/locations.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/locations.spec.js
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ beforeAll(async () => {
 
 afterAll(async () => {
   await cleanDatabase()
+  driver.close()
 })
 
 // TODO: avoid database clean after each test in the future if possible for performance and flakyness reasons by filling the database step by step, see issue https://github.com/Ocelot-Social-Community/Ocelot-Social/issues/4543
diff --git a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/moderation.spec.js b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/moderation.spec.js
index 3c2926c14..9f5014756 100644
--- a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/moderation.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/moderation.spec.js
@@ -70,6 +70,7 @@ describe('moderate resources', () => {
 
   afterAll(async () => {
     await cleanDatabase()
+    driver.close()
   })
 
   beforeEach(async () => {
diff --git a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/notifications.spec.js b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/notifications.spec.js
index 924154488..82d6e6371 100644
--- a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/notifications.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/notifications.spec.js
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ beforeAll(async () => {
 
 afterAll(async () => {
   await cleanDatabase()
+  driver.close()
 })
 
 beforeEach(async () => {
diff --git a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/passwordReset.spec.js b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/passwordReset.spec.js
index bc2a48bc8..90c570f5a 100644
--- a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/passwordReset.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/passwordReset.spec.js
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ beforeAll(async () => {
 
 afterAll(async () => {
   await cleanDatabase()
+  driver.close()
 })
 
 beforeEach(() => {
diff --git a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/posts.spec.js b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/posts.spec.js
index 6fc9b5722..7a0dc0176 100644
--- a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/posts.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/posts.spec.js
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ beforeAll(async () => {
 
 afterAll(async () => {
   await cleanDatabase()
+  driver.close()
 })
 
 beforeEach(async () => {
diff --git a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/postsInGroups.spec.js b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/postsInGroups.spec.js
index c55076a23..5bf5820f0 100644
--- a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/postsInGroups.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/postsInGroups.spec.js
@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ beforeAll(async () => {
 
 afterAll(async () => {
   await cleanDatabase()
+  driver.close()
 })
 
 describe('Posts in Groups', () => {
diff --git a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/registration.spec.js b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/registration.spec.js
index aacfb1054..ae6bcb7d7 100644
--- a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/registration.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/registration.spec.js
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ beforeAll(async () => {
 
 afterAll(async () => {
   await cleanDatabase()
+  driver.close()
 })
 
 beforeEach(async () => {
diff --git a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/reports.spec.js b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/reports.spec.js
index 7cf4d9a34..449bdb3a7 100644
--- a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/reports.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/reports.spec.js
@@ -117,6 +117,7 @@ describe('file a report on a resource', () => {
 
   afterAll(async () => {
     await cleanDatabase()
+    driver.close()
   })
 
   // TODO: avoid database clean after each test in the future if possible for performance and flakyness reasons by filling the database step by step, see issue https://github.com/Ocelot-Social-Community/Ocelot-Social/issues/4543
diff --git a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/searches.spec.js b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/searches.spec.js
index 4a8623df5..b425e930e 100644
--- a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/searches.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/searches.spec.js
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ beforeAll(async () => {
 
 afterAll(async () => {
   await cleanDatabase()
+  driver.close()
 })
 
 const searchQuery = gql`
diff --git a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/shout.spec.js b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/shout.spec.js
index 087c452da..f774d7d0b 100644
--- a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/shout.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/shout.spec.js
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ describe('shout and unshout posts', () => {
 
   afterAll(async () => {
     await cleanDatabase()
+    driver.close()
   })
 
   beforeEach(async () => {
diff --git a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/socialMedia.spec.js b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/socialMedia.spec.js
index fc9ee8f70..dafbed6d6 100644
--- a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/socialMedia.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/socialMedia.spec.js
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ beforeAll(async () => {
 
 afterAll(async () => {
   await cleanDatabase()
+  driver.close()
 })
 
 describe('SocialMedia', () => {
diff --git a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/statistics.spec.js b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/statistics.spec.js
index b9fdd9196..46330ef9a 100644
--- a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/statistics.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/statistics.spec.js
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ beforeAll(async () => {
 
 afterAll(async () => {
   await cleanDatabase()
+  driver.close()
 })
 
 // TODO: avoid database clean after each test in the future if possible for performance and flakyness reasons by filling the database step by step, see issue https://github.com/Ocelot-Social-Community/Ocelot-Social/issues/4543
diff --git a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/userData.spec.js b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/userData.spec.js
index 779f090e4..ee4901f0a 100644
--- a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/userData.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/userData.spec.js
@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ beforeAll(async () => {
 
 afterAll(async () => {
   await cleanDatabase()
+  driver.close()
 })
 
 describe('resolvers/userData', () => {
diff --git a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/user_management.spec.js b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/user_management.spec.js
index 66896f485..668519371 100644
--- a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/user_management.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/user_management.spec.js
@@ -6,10 +6,12 @@ import { loginMutation } from '../../graphql/userManagement'
 import { createTestClient } from 'apollo-server-testing'
 import createServer, { context } from '../../server'
 import encode from '../../jwt/encode'
-import { getNeode } from '../../db/neo4j'
+import { getNeode, getDriver } from '../../db/neo4j'
 import { categories } from '../../constants/categories'
 
 const neode = getNeode()
+const driver = getDriver()
+
 let query, mutate, variables, req, user
 
 const disable = async (id) => {
@@ -47,6 +49,7 @@ beforeAll(async () => {
 
 afterAll(async () => {
   await cleanDatabase()
+  driver.close()
 })
 
 beforeEach(() => {
diff --git a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/users.spec.js b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/users.spec.js
index 87226ec4d..9b7699dc1 100644
--- a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/users.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/users.spec.js
@@ -81,6 +81,7 @@ beforeAll(async () => {
 
 afterAll(async () => {
   await cleanDatabase()
+  driver.close()
 })
 
 // TODO: avoid database clean after each test in the future if possible for performance and flakyness reasons by filling the database step by step, see issue https://github.com/Ocelot-Social-Community/Ocelot-Social/issues/4543
diff --git a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/users/location.spec.js b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/users/location.spec.js
index c0525ca1c..73938c41a 100644
--- a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/users/location.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/users/location.spec.js
@@ -90,6 +90,7 @@ beforeAll(async () => {
 
 afterAll(async () => {
   await cleanDatabase()
+  driver.close()
 })
 
 beforeEach(() => {
diff --git a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/users/mutedUsers.spec.js b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/users/mutedUsers.spec.js
index d8efacfae..5c1a7dd5d 100644
--- a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/users/mutedUsers.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/users/mutedUsers.spec.js
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ beforeAll(async () => {
 
 afterAll(async () => {
   await cleanDatabase()
+  driver.close()
 })
 
 beforeEach(() => {
diff --git a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/viewedTeaserCount.spec.js b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/viewedTeaserCount.spec.js
index 7f8e7f102..d7437646b 100644
--- a/backend/src/schema/resolvers/viewedTeaserCount.spec.js
+++ b/backend/src/schema/resolvers/viewedTeaserCount.spec.js
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ beforeAll(async () => {
 
 afterAll(async () => {
   await cleanDatabase()
+  driver.close()
 })
 
 describe('count post teaser views', () => {