diff --git a/backend/src/db/admin.ts b/backend/src/db/admin.ts
index 1f62c8733..3e65c86e4 100644
--- a/backend/src/db/admin.ts
+++ b/backend/src/db/admin.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-floating-promises */
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/require-await */
 
 import { hashSync } from 'bcryptjs'
 import { v4 as uuid } from 'uuid'
@@ -18,7 +17,7 @@ const defaultAdmin = {
 const createDefaultAdminUser = async () => {
   const driver = getDriver()
   const session = driver.session()
-  const createAdminTxResultPromise = session.writeTransaction(async (txc) => {
+  const createAdminTxResultPromise = session.writeTransaction((txc) => {
     txc.run(
       `MERGE (e:EmailAddress {
         email: "${defaultAdmin.email}",
diff --git a/backend/src/db/migrations-examples/20200206190233-swap_latitude_with_longitude.ts b/backend/src/db/migrations-examples/20200206190233-swap_latitude_with_longitude.ts
index f63be216d..4c7723f0c 100644
--- a/backend/src/db/migrations-examples/20200206190233-swap_latitude_with_longitude.ts
+++ b/backend/src/db/migrations-examples/20200206190233-swap_latitude_with_longitude.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-floating-promises */
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/require-await */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-argument */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-call */
 
@@ -38,10 +37,10 @@ const swap = async function (next) {
   }
 }
 
-export async function up(next) {
+export function up(next) {
   swap(next)
 }
 
-export async function down(next) {
+export function down(next) {
   swap(next)
 }
diff --git a/backend/src/db/migrations-examples/20200323140300-remove_deleted_users_obsolete_attributes.ts b/backend/src/db/migrations-examples/20200323140300-remove_deleted_users_obsolete_attributes.ts
index b75324a78..8e786975b 100644
--- a/backend/src/db/migrations-examples/20200323140300-remove_deleted_users_obsolete_attributes.ts
+++ b/backend/src/db/migrations-examples/20200323140300-remove_deleted_users_obsolete_attributes.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/require-await */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-argument */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-return */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-call */
@@ -42,7 +41,7 @@ export async function up(next) {
   }
 }
 
-export async function down(next) {
+export function down(next) {
   // eslint-disable-next-line no-console
   console.log('Irreversible migration')
   next()
diff --git a/backend/src/db/migrations-examples/20200323160336-remove_deleted_posts_obsolete_attributes.ts b/backend/src/db/migrations-examples/20200323160336-remove_deleted_posts_obsolete_attributes.ts
index 597eb1d83..219f45ff7 100644
--- a/backend/src/db/migrations-examples/20200323160336-remove_deleted_posts_obsolete_attributes.ts
+++ b/backend/src/db/migrations-examples/20200323160336-remove_deleted_posts_obsolete_attributes.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/require-await */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-argument */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-return */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-call */
@@ -44,7 +43,7 @@ export async function up(next) {
   }
 }
 
-export async function down(next) {
+export function down(next) {
   // eslint-disable-next-line no-console
   console.log('Irreversible migration')
   next()
diff --git a/backend/src/db/migrations-examples/20200326160326-remove_dangling_image_urls.ts b/backend/src/db/migrations-examples/20200326160326-remove_dangling_image_urls.ts
index 1109ac623..0d42bb03b 100644
--- a/backend/src/db/migrations-examples/20200326160326-remove_dangling_image_urls.ts
+++ b/backend/src/db/migrations-examples/20200326160326-remove_dangling_image_urls.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/require-await */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-argument */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/restrict-template-expressions */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-return */
@@ -65,6 +64,6 @@ export async function up(next) {
   }
 }
 
-export async function down() {
+export function down() {
   throw new Error('Irreversible migration')
 }
diff --git a/backend/src/db/migrations/20231017141022-fix-event-dates.ts b/backend/src/db/migrations/20231017141022-fix-event-dates.ts
index 259e3ff65..33268aa5e 100644
--- a/backend/src/db/migrations/20231017141022-fix-event-dates.ts
+++ b/backend/src/db/migrations/20231017141022-fix-event-dates.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-base-to-string */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-argument */
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/restrict-template-expressions */
 
 import { getDriver } from '@db/neo4j'
 
@@ -31,9 +30,9 @@ export async function up(_next) {
         eventEnd = date.toISOString()
       }
       await transaction.run(`
-        MATCH (e:Event { id: '${id}' })
-        SET e.eventStart = '${eventStart}'
-        SET (CASE WHEN exists(e.eventEnd) THEN e END).eventEnd = '${eventEnd}'
+        MATCH (e:Event { id: '${String(id)}' })
+        SET e.eventStart = '${String(eventStart)}'
+        SET (CASE WHEN exists(e.eventEnd) THEN e END).eventEnd = '${String(eventEnd)}'
         RETURN e
       `)
     }
diff --git a/backend/src/db/reset-with-migrations.ts b/backend/src/db/reset-with-migrations.ts
index 3cdb8c298..9e382831e 100644
--- a/backend/src/db/reset-with-migrations.ts
+++ b/backend/src/db/reset-with-migrations.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/restrict-template-expressions */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-floating-promises */
 
 import CONFIG from '@config/index'
@@ -16,7 +15,7 @@ if (CONFIG.PRODUCTION && !CONFIG.PRODUCTION_DB_CLEAN_ALLOW) {
     process.exit(0)
     // eslint-disable-next-line no-catch-all/no-catch-all
   } catch (err) {
-    console.log(`Error occurred deleting the nodes and relations (reset the db)\n\n${err}`) // eslint-disable-line no-console
+    console.log(`Error occurred deleting the nodes and relations (reset the db)\n\n${String(err)}`) // eslint-disable-line no-console
     process.exit(1)
   }
 })()
diff --git a/backend/src/db/reset.ts b/backend/src/db/reset.ts
index 5155c0738..e577400f5 100644
--- a/backend/src/db/reset.ts
+++ b/backend/src/db/reset.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/restrict-template-expressions */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-floating-promises */
 
 import CONFIG from '@config/index'
@@ -16,7 +15,7 @@ if (CONFIG.PRODUCTION && !CONFIG.PRODUCTION_DB_CLEAN_ALLOW) {
     process.exit(0)
     // eslint-disable-next-line no-catch-all/no-catch-all
   } catch (err) {
-    console.log(`Error occurred deleting the nodes and relations (reset the db)\n\n${err}`) // eslint-disable-line no-console
+    console.log(`Error occurred deleting the nodes and relations (reset the db)\n\n${String(err)}`) // eslint-disable-line no-console
     process.exit(1)
   }
 })()
diff --git a/backend/src/db/seed.ts b/backend/src/db/seed.ts
index 4b14c6947..ec59833ff 100644
--- a/backend/src/db/seed.ts
+++ b/backend/src/db/seed.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-assignment */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-floating-promises */
 /* eslint-disable n/no-unpublished-import */
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/restrict-template-expressions */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-confusing-void-expression */
 
 import { faker } from '@faker-js/faker'
diff --git a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/badges.ts b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/badges.ts
index b5e0c1688..f86efc7d3 100644
--- a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/badges.ts
+++ b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/badges.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-argument */
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/require-await */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-return */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-call */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-member-access */
@@ -29,7 +28,7 @@ export const defaultVerificationBadge = {
 
 export default {
   Query: {
-    Badge: async (object, args, context, resolveInfo) =>
+    Badge: (object, args, context, resolveInfo) =>
       neo4jgraphql(object, args, context, resolveInfo),
   },
 
@@ -172,7 +171,7 @@ export default {
     },
   },
   Badge: {
-    isDefault: async (parent, _params, _context, _resolveInfo) =>
+    isDefault: (parent, _params, _context, _resolveInfo) =>
       [defaultTrophyBadge.id, defaultVerificationBadge.id].includes(parent.id),
   },
 }
diff --git a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/embeds.ts b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/embeds.ts
index 8ce144b4f..c16054fca 100644
--- a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/embeds.ts
+++ b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/embeds.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/require-await */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-return */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-member-access */
 import scrape from './embeds/scraper'
@@ -6,7 +5,7 @@ import { undefinedToNullResolver } from './helpers/Resolver'
 
 export default {
   Query: {
-    embed: async (_object, { url }, _context, _resolveInfo) => {
+    embed: (_object, { url }, _context, _resolveInfo) => {
       return scrape(url)
     },
   },
@@ -25,7 +24,7 @@ export default {
       'lang',
       'html',
     ]),
-    sources: async (parent, _params, _context, _resolveInfo) => {
+    sources: (parent, _params, _context, _resolveInfo) => {
       return typeof parent.sources === 'undefined' ? [] : parent.sources
     },
   },
diff --git a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/embeds/scraper.ts b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/embeds/scraper.ts
index de9f9a2fd..4ecd79c57 100644
--- a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/embeds/scraper.ts
+++ b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/embeds/scraper.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-return */
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/restrict-template-expressions */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-member-access */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-assignment */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-argument */
@@ -53,7 +52,7 @@ const fetchEmbed = async (url) => {
     json = await response.json()
     // eslint-disable-next-line no-catch-all/no-catch-all
   } catch (err) {
-    error(`Error fetching embed data: ${err.message}`)
+    error(`Error fetching embed data: ${String(err.message)}`)
     return {}
   }
 
diff --git a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/groups.ts b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/groups.ts
index 219dfa126..0fa303c42 100644
--- a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/groups.ts
+++ b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/groups.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/require-await */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-argument */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-return */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-call */
@@ -6,7 +5,6 @@
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-assignment */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/prefer-nullish-coalescing */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-shadow */
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-use-before-define */
 import { v4 as uuid } from 'uuid'
 
 import { CATEGORIES_MIN, CATEGORIES_MAX } from '@constants/categories'
@@ -20,6 +18,35 @@ import { createOrUpdateLocations } from './users/location'
 
 import type { Context } from '@src/context'
 
+const removeUserFromGroupWriteTxResultPromise = async (session, groupId, userId) => {
+  return session.writeTransaction(async (transaction) => {
+    const removeUserFromGroupCypher = `
+      MATCH (user:User {id: $userId})-[membership:MEMBER_OF]->(group:Group {id: $groupId})
+      DELETE membership
+      WITH user, group
+      OPTIONAL MATCH (author:User)-[:WROTE]->(p:Post)-[:IN]->(group)
+      WHERE NOT group.groupType = 'public'
+        AND NOT author.id = $userId
+      WITH user, collect(p) AS posts
+      FOREACH (post IN posts |
+        MERGE (user)-[:CANNOT_SEE]->(post))
+      RETURN user {.*}, NULL as membership
+    `
+
+    const transactionResponse = await transaction.run(removeUserFromGroupCypher, {
+      groupId,
+      userId,
+    })
+    const [result] = transactionResponse.records.map((record) => {
+      return { user: record.get('user'), membership: record.get('membership') }
+    })
+    if (!result) {
+      throw new UserInputError('User is not a member of this group')
+    }
+    return result
+  })
+}
+
 export default {
   Query: {
     Group: async (_object, params, context: Context, _resolveInfo) => {
@@ -488,13 +515,13 @@ export default {
         membersCount: '<-[:MEMBER_OF]-(related:User)',
       },
     }),
-    name: async (parent, _args, context: Context, _resolveInfo) => {
+    name: (parent, _args, context: Context, _resolveInfo) => {
       if (!context.user) {
         return parent.groupType === 'hidden' ? '' : parent.name
       }
       return parent.name
     },
-    about: async (parent, _args, context: Context, _resolveInfo) => {
+    about: (parent, _args, context: Context, _resolveInfo) => {
       if (!context.user) {
         return parent.groupType === 'hidden' ? '' : parent.about
       }
@@ -502,32 +529,3 @@ export default {
     },
   },
 }
-
-const removeUserFromGroupWriteTxResultPromise = async (session, groupId, userId) => {
-  return session.writeTransaction(async (transaction) => {
-    const removeUserFromGroupCypher = `
-      MATCH (user:User {id: $userId})-[membership:MEMBER_OF]->(group:Group {id: $groupId})
-      DELETE membership
-      WITH user, group
-      OPTIONAL MATCH (author:User)-[:WROTE]->(p:Post)-[:IN]->(group)
-      WHERE NOT group.groupType = 'public' 
-        AND NOT author.id = $userId
-      WITH user, collect(p) AS posts
-      FOREACH (post IN posts |
-        MERGE (user)-[:CANNOT_SEE]->(post))
-      RETURN user {.*}, NULL as membership
-    `
-
-    const transactionResponse = await transaction.run(removeUserFromGroupCypher, {
-      groupId,
-      userId,
-    })
-    const [result] = transactionResponse.records.map((record) => {
-      return { user: record.get('user'), membership: record.get('membership') }
-    })
-    if (!result) {
-      throw new UserInputError('User is not a member of this group')
-    }
-    return result
-  })
-}
diff --git a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/helpers/Resolver.ts b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/helpers/Resolver.ts
index e7161589a..92b7decbf 100644
--- a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/helpers/Resolver.ts
+++ b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/helpers/Resolver.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-dynamic-delete */
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/require-await */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-argument */
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/restrict-template-expressions */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-assignment */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-return */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-call */
@@ -11,7 +9,7 @@
 export const undefinedToNullResolver = (list) => {
   const resolvers = {}
   list.forEach((key) => {
-    resolvers[key] = async (parent) => {
+    resolvers[key] = (parent) => {
       return typeof parent[key] === 'undefined' ? null : parent[key]
     }
   })
@@ -37,7 +35,7 @@ export default function Resolver(type, options: any = {}) {
       try {
         let response = await session.readTransaction(async (txc) => {
           const cypher = `
-          MATCH(:${type} {${idAttribute}: $id})${connection}
+          MATCH(:${String(type)} {${String(idAttribute)}: $id})${String(connection)}
           RETURN related {.*} as related
           `
           const result = await txc.run(cypher, { id, cypherParams })
@@ -62,7 +60,7 @@ export default function Resolver(type, options: any = {}) {
         try {
           return await session.readTransaction(async (txc) => {
             const nodeCondition = condition.replace('this', 'this {id: $id}')
-            const cypher = `${nodeCondition} as ${key}`
+            const cypher = `${String(nodeCondition)} as ${key}`
             const result = await txc.run(cypher, { id, cypherParams })
             const [response] = result.records.map((r) => r.get(key))
             return response
@@ -85,7 +83,7 @@ export default function Resolver(type, options: any = {}) {
           return await session.readTransaction(async (txc) => {
             const id = parent[idAttribute]
             const cypher = `
-              MATCH(u:${type} {${idAttribute}: $id})${connection}
+              MATCH(u:${String(type)} {${String(idAttribute)}: $id})${String(connection)}
               RETURN COUNT(DISTINCT(related)) as count
             `
             const result = await txc.run(cypher, { id, cypherParams })
@@ -141,7 +139,7 @@ export const convertObjectToCypherMapLiteral = (params, addSpaceInfrontIfMapIsNo
   let mapLiteral = ''
   paramsEntries.forEach((ele, index) => {
     mapLiteral += index === 0 ? '{' : ''
-    mapLiteral += `${ele[0]}: "${ele[1]}"`
+    mapLiteral += `${ele[0]}: "${String(ele[1])}"`
     mapLiteral += index < paramsEntries.length - 1 ? ', ' : '}'
   })
   mapLiteral = (addSpaceInfrontIfMapIsNotEmpty && mapLiteral.length > 0 ? ' ' : '') + mapLiteral
diff --git a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/helpers/events.ts b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/helpers/events.ts
index 15ee652b1..3818a8202 100644
--- a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/helpers/events.ts
+++ b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/helpers/events.ts
@@ -2,9 +2,31 @@
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-call */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-assignment */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-member-access */
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-use-before-define */
 import { UserInputError } from '@graphql/errors'
 
+const validateEventDate = (dateString) => {
+  const date = new Date(dateString)
+  if (date.toString() === 'Invalid Date')
+    throw new UserInputError('Event start date must be a valid date!')
+  if (date.toISOString() !== dateString)
+    throw new UserInputError('Event start date must be in ISO format!')
+  const now = new Date()
+  if (date.getTime() < now.getTime()) {
+    throw new UserInputError('Event start date must be in the future!')
+  }
+}
+
+const validateEventEnd = (start, end) => {
+  const endDate = new Date(end)
+  if (endDate.toString() === 'Invalid Date')
+    throw new UserInputError('Event end date must be a valid date!')
+  if (endDate.toISOString() !== end)
+    throw new UserInputError('Event end date must be in ISO format!')
+  const startDate = new Date(start)
+  if (endDate < startDate)
+    throw new UserInputError('Event end date must be a after event start date!')
+}
+
 export const validateEventParams = (params) => {
   let locationName = null
   if (params.postType && params.postType === 'Event') {
@@ -34,26 +56,3 @@ export const validateEventParams = (params) => {
   delete params.eventInput
   return locationName
 }
-
-const validateEventDate = (dateString) => {
-  const date = new Date(dateString)
-  if (date.toString() === 'Invalid Date')
-    throw new UserInputError('Event start date must be a valid date!')
-  if (date.toISOString() !== dateString)
-    throw new UserInputError('Event start date must be in ISO format!')
-  const now = new Date()
-  if (date.getTime() < now.getTime()) {
-    throw new UserInputError('Event start date must be in the future!')
-  }
-}
-
-const validateEventEnd = (start, end) => {
-  const endDate = new Date(end)
-  if (endDate.toString() === 'Invalid Date')
-    throw new UserInputError('Event end date must be a valid date!')
-  if (endDate.toISOString() !== end)
-    throw new UserInputError('Event end date must be in ISO format!')
-  const startDate = new Date(start)
-  if (endDate < startDate)
-    throw new UserInputError('Event end date must be a after event start date!')
-}
diff --git a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/images.ts b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/images.ts
index fcd29f41a..afb987078 100644
--- a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/images.ts
+++ b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/images.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-use-before-define */
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/restrict-template-expressions */
 import crypto from 'node:crypto'
 import { join as joinPath } from 'node:path/posix'
 
@@ -15,6 +13,16 @@ type UrlResolver = (
   }: Pick<Context, 'config'>,
 ) => string
 
+const chain: (...methods: UrlResolver[]) => UrlResolver = (...methods) => {
+  return (parent, args, context) => {
+    let { url } = parent
+    for (const method of methods) {
+      url = method({ url }, args, context)
+    }
+    return url
+  }
+}
+
 const pointUrlToImagor: (opts: { transformations: UrlResolver[] }) => UrlResolver =
   ({ transformations }) =>
   ({ url }, _args, context) => {
@@ -59,22 +67,12 @@ const resize: UrlResolver = ({ url }, { height, width }) => {
   if (!(height || width)) {
     return url
   }
-  const window = `/fit-in/${width ?? FALLBACK_MAXIMUM_LENGTH}x${height ?? FALLBACK_MAXIMUM_LENGTH}`
+  const window = `/fit-in/${String(width ?? FALLBACK_MAXIMUM_LENGTH)}x${String(height ?? FALLBACK_MAXIMUM_LENGTH)}`
   const newUrl = new URL(url)
   newUrl.pathname = window + newUrl.pathname
   return newUrl.href
 }
 
-const chain: (...methods: UrlResolver[]) => UrlResolver = (...methods) => {
-  return (parent, args, context) => {
-    let { url } = parent
-    for (const method of methods) {
-      url = method({ url }, args, context)
-    }
-    return url
-  }
-}
-
 export default {
   Image: {
     ...Resolver('Image', {
diff --git a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/images/imagesS3.ts b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/images/imagesS3.ts
index 61624f677..33d7d543c 100644
--- a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/images/imagesS3.ts
+++ b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/images/imagesS3.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-use-before-define */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-shadow */
 import path from 'node:path'
 
@@ -41,6 +40,17 @@ export const images = (config: S3Config) => {
     return image
   }
 
+  const uploadImageFile = async (uploadPromise: Promise<FileUpload> | undefined) => {
+    if (!uploadPromise) return undefined
+    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-assignment
+    const upload = await uploadPromise
+    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-argument, @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-member-access
+    const { name, ext } = path.parse(upload.filename)
+    const uniqueFilename = `${uuid()}-${slug(name)}${ext}`
+    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-argument
+    return await s3.uploadFile({ ...upload, uniqueFilename })
+  }
+
   const mergeImage: Images['mergeImage'] = async (
     resource,
     relationshipType,
@@ -84,17 +94,6 @@ export const images = (config: S3Config) => {
     return mergedImage
   }
 
-  const uploadImageFile = async (uploadPromise: Promise<FileUpload> | undefined) => {
-    if (!uploadPromise) return undefined
-    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-assignment
-    const upload = await uploadPromise
-    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-argument, @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-member-access
-    const { name, ext } = path.parse(upload.filename)
-    const uniqueFilename = `${uuid()}-${slug(name)}${ext}`
-    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-argument
-    return await s3.uploadFile({ ...upload, uniqueFilename })
-  }
-
   const images = {
     deleteImage,
     mergeImage,
diff --git a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/messages.ts b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/messages.ts
index 0ec5cb9a1..2e7a54c96 100644
--- a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/messages.ts
+++ b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/messages.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/require-await */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-argument */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-member-access */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-call */
@@ -16,7 +15,7 @@ import Resolver from './helpers/Resolver'
 
 import type { File } from './attachments/attachments'
 
-const setMessagesAsDistributed = async (undistributedMessagesIds, session) => {
+const setMessagesAsDistributed = (undistributedMessagesIds, session) => {
   return session.writeTransaction(async (transaction) => {
     const setDistributedCypher = `
       MATCH (m:Message) WHERE m.id IN $undistributedMessagesIds
diff --git a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/notifications.ts b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/notifications.ts
index abf594553..db740060d 100644
--- a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/notifications.ts
+++ b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/notifications.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/require-await */
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/restrict-template-expressions */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-return */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-call */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-member-access */
@@ -45,8 +43,8 @@ export default {
         default:
           orderByClause = ''
       }
-      const offset = args.offset && typeof args.offset === 'number' ? `SKIP ${args.offset}` : ''
-      const limit = args.first && typeof args.first === 'number' ? `LIMIT ${args.first}` : ''
+      const offset = args.offset && typeof args.offset === 'number' ? `SKIP ${String(args.offset)}` : ''
+      const limit = args.first && typeof args.first === 'number' ? `LIMIT ${String(args.first)}` : ''
 
       const readTxResultPromise = session.readTransaction(async (transaction) => {
         const notificationsTransactionResponse = await transaction.run(
@@ -145,9 +143,9 @@ export default {
     },
   },
   NOTIFIED: {
-    id: async (parent) => {
+    id: (parent) => {
       // serialize an ID to help the client update the cache
-      return `${parent.reason}/${parent.from.id}/${parent.to.id}`
+      return `${String(parent.reason)}/${String(parent.from.id)}/${String(parent.to.id)}`
     },
   },
 }
diff --git a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/posts.ts b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/posts.ts
index e8e908e91..efcc38b88 100644
--- a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/posts.ts
+++ b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/posts.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-argument */
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/restrict-template-expressions */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-return */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-call */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-member-access */
@@ -186,7 +185,7 @@ export default {
             SET post.sortDate = toString(datetime())
             SET post.clickedCount = 0
             SET post.viewedTeaserCount = 0
-            SET post:${params.postType}
+            SET post:${String(params.postType)}
             WITH post
             MATCH (author:User {id: $userId})
             MERGE (post)<-[:WROTE]-(author)
@@ -260,7 +259,7 @@ export default {
         updatePostCypher += `
           REMOVE post:Article
           REMOVE post:Event
-          SET post:${params.postType}
+          SET post:${String(params.postType)}
           WITH post
         `
       }
diff --git a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/reports.ts b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/reports.ts
index 84d800f6d..fe0678109 100644
--- a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/reports.ts
+++ b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/reports.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/restrict-template-expressions */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-return */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-call */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-member-access */
@@ -80,8 +79,8 @@ export default {
       const filterClause = filterClauses.join(' ')
 
       const offset =
-        params.offset && typeof params.offset === 'number' ? `SKIP ${params.offset}` : ''
-      const limit = params.first && typeof params.first === 'number' ? `LIMIT ${params.first}` : ''
+        params.offset && typeof params.offset === 'number' ? `SKIP ${String(params.offset)}` : ''
+      const limit = params.first && typeof params.first === 'number' ? `LIMIT ${String(params.first)}` : ''
 
       const reportsReadTxPromise = session.readTransaction(async (transaction) => {
         const reportsTransactionResponse = await transaction.run(
diff --git a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/roles.ts b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/roles.ts
index 006d4f5ba..13b249051 100644
--- a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/roles.ts
+++ b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/roles.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/require-await */
 export default {
   Query: {
-    availableRoles: async (_parent, _args, _context, _resolveInfo) => {
+    availableRoles: (_parent, _args, _context, _resolveInfo) => {
       return ['admin', 'moderator', 'user']
     },
   },
diff --git a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/rooms.ts b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/rooms.ts
index 060eccf34..44c0faba4 100644
--- a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/rooms.ts
+++ b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/rooms.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/require-await */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-call */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-return */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-assignment */
@@ -38,7 +37,7 @@ export default {
     },
   },
   Query: {
-    Room: async (object, params, context, resolveInfo) => {
+    Room: (object, params, context, resolveInfo) => {
       if (!params.filter) params.filter = {}
       params.filter.users_some = {
         id: context.user.id,
diff --git a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/searches.ts b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/searches.ts
index 2f1a74662..87f690bf1 100644
--- a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/searches.ts
+++ b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/searches.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/require-await */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-assignment */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-call */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-return */
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/restrict-template-expressions */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-member-access */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/prefer-nullish-coalescing */
 import { queryString } from './searches/queryString'
@@ -10,16 +8,16 @@ import { queryString } from './searches/queryString'
 // see http://lucene.apache.org/core/8_3_1/queryparser/org/apache/lucene/queryparser/classic/package-summary.html#package.description
 
 const cypherTemplate = (setup) => `
-  CALL db.index.fulltext.queryNodes('${setup.fulltextIndex}', $query)
+  CALL db.index.fulltext.queryNodes('${String(setup.fulltextIndex)}', $query)
   YIELD node AS resource, score
-  ${setup.match}
-  ${setup.whereClause}
-  ${setup.withClause}
-  RETURN 
-  ${setup.returnClause}
+  ${String(setup.match)}
+  ${String(setup.whereClause)}
+  ${String(setup.withClause)}
+  RETURN
+  ${String(setup.returnClause)}
   AS result
   SKIP toInteger($skip)
-  ${setup.limit}
+  ${String(setup.limit)}
 `
 
 const simpleWhereClause =
@@ -148,7 +146,7 @@ const multiSearchMap = [
 
 export default {
   Query: {
-    searchPosts: async (_parent, args, context, _resolveInfo) => {
+    searchPosts: (_parent, args, context, _resolveInfo) => {
       const { query, postsOffset, firstPosts } = args
       let userId = null
       if (context.user) userId = context.user.id
@@ -171,7 +169,7 @@ export default {
         }),
       }
     },
-    searchUsers: async (_parent, args, context, _resolveInfo) => {
+    searchUsers: (_parent, args, context, _resolveInfo) => {
       const { query, usersOffset, firstUsers } = args
       return {
         userCount: getSearchResults(
@@ -190,7 +188,7 @@ export default {
         }),
       }
     },
-    searchHashtags: async (_parent, args, context, _resolveInfo) => {
+    searchHashtags: (_parent, args, context, _resolveInfo) => {
       const { query, hashtagsOffset, firstHashtags } = args
       return {
         hashtagCount: getSearchResults(
@@ -209,7 +207,7 @@ export default {
         }),
       }
     },
-    searchGroups: async (_parent, args, context, _resolveInfo) => {
+    searchGroups: (_parent, args, context, _resolveInfo) => {
       const { query, groupsOffset, firstGroups } = args
       let userId = null
       if (context.user) userId = context.user.id
diff --git a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/searches/queryString.ts b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/searches/queryString.ts
index f81acd75d..6338759e7 100644
--- a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/searches/queryString.ts
+++ b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/searches/queryString.ts
@@ -2,48 +2,7 @@
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-return */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-call */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-member-access */
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/restrict-template-expressions */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-assignment */
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-use-before-define */
-export function queryString(str) {
-  const normalizedString = normalizeWhitespace(str)
-  const escapedString = escapeSpecialCharacters(normalizedString)
-  return `
-${matchWholeText(escapedString)}
-${matchEachWordExactly(escapedString)}
-${matchSomeWordsExactly(escapedString)}
-${matchBeginningOfWords(escapedString)}
-`
-}
-
-const matchWholeText = (str, boost = 8) => {
-  return `"${str}"^${boost}`
-}
-
-const matchEachWordExactly = (str, boost = 4) => {
-  if (!str.includes(' ')) return ''
-  const tmp = str
-    .split(' ')
-    .map((s, i) => (i === 0 ? `"${s}"` : `AND "${s}"`))
-    .join(' ')
-  return `(${tmp})^${boost}`
-}
-
-const matchSomeWordsExactly = (str, boost = 2) => {
-  if (!str.includes(' ')) return ''
-  return str
-    .split(' ')
-    .map((s) => `"${s}"^${boost}`)
-    .join(' ')
-}
-
-const matchBeginningOfWords = (str) => {
-  return str
-    .split(' ')
-    .filter((s) => s.length >= 2)
-    .map((s) => s + '*')
-    .join(' ')
-}
 
 export function normalizeWhitespace(str) {
   // delete the first character if it is !, @ or #
@@ -56,3 +15,43 @@ export function normalizeWhitespace(str) {
 export function escapeSpecialCharacters(str) {
   return str.replace(/(["[\]&|\\{}+!()^~*?:/-])/g, '\\$1')
 }
+
+const matchWholeText = (str, boost = 8) => {
+  return `"${String(str)}"^${String(boost)}`
+}
+
+const matchEachWordExactly = (str, boost = 4) => {
+  if (!str.includes(' ')) return ''
+  const tmp = str
+    .split(' ')
+    .map((s, i) => (i === 0 ? `"${String(s)}"` : `AND "${String(s)}"`))
+    .join(' ')
+  return `(${tmp})^${String(boost)}`
+}
+
+const matchSomeWordsExactly = (str, boost = 2) => {
+  if (!str.includes(' ')) return ''
+  return str
+    .split(' ')
+    .map((s) => `"${String(s)}"^${String(boost)}`)
+    .join(' ')
+}
+
+const matchBeginningOfWords = (str) => {
+  return str
+    .split(' ')
+    .filter((s) => s.length >= 2)
+    .map((s) => s + '*')
+    .join(' ')
+}
+
+export function queryString(str) {
+  const normalizedString = normalizeWhitespace(str)
+  const escapedString = escapeSpecialCharacters(normalizedString)
+  return `
+${matchWholeText(escapedString)}
+${matchEachWordExactly(escapedString)}
+${matchSomeWordsExactly(escapedString)}
+${matchBeginningOfWords(escapedString)}
+`
+}
diff --git a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/userData.ts b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/userData.ts
index cd87f09ad..f06e4ed91 100644
--- a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/userData.ts
+++ b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/userData.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,13 @@
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-call */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-member-access */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-assignment */
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-use-before-define */
+
+const byCreationDate = (a, b) => {
+  if (a.createdAt < b.createdAt) return -1
+  if (a.createdAt > b.createdAt) return 1
+  return 0
+}
+
 export default {
   Query: {
     userData: async (_object, _args, context, _resolveInfo) => {
@@ -53,9 +59,3 @@ export default {
     },
   },
 }
-
-const byCreationDate = (a, b) => {
-  if (a.createdAt < b.createdAt) return -1
-  if (a.createdAt > b.createdAt) return 1
-  return 0
-}
diff --git a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/users.ts b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/users.ts
index 25d122e34..0270c1ff8 100644
--- a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/users.ts
+++ b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/users.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/restrict-template-expressions */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-argument */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-call */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-member-access */
@@ -215,11 +214,11 @@ export default {
             await Promise.all(
               resource.map(async (node) => {
                 if (!allowedLabels.includes(node)) {
-                  throw new UserInputError(`Invalid resource type: ${node}`)
+                  throw new UserInputError(`Invalid resource type: ${String(node)}`)
                 }
                 const txResult = await transaction.run(
                   `
-                  MATCH (resource:${node})<-[:WROTE]-(author:User {id: $userId})
+                  MATCH (resource:${String(node)})<-[:WROTE]-(author:User {id: $userId})
                   OPTIONAL MATCH (resource)<-[:COMMENTS]-(comment:Comment)
                   SET resource.deleted = true
                   SET resource.content = 'UNAVAILABLE'
@@ -371,7 +370,7 @@ export default {
 
       if (slot >= TROPHY_BADGES_SELECTED_MAX || slot < 0) {
         throw new Error(
-          `Invalid slot! There is only ${TROPHY_BADGES_SELECTED_MAX} badge-slots to fill`,
+          `Invalid slot! There is only ${String(TROPHY_BADGES_SELECTED_MAX)} badge-slots to fill`,
         )
       }
 
diff --git a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/users/location.ts b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/users/location.ts
index 10a9497f1..80ed79808 100644
--- a/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/users/location.ts
+++ b/backend/src/graphql/resolvers/users/location.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/restrict-plus-operands */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-argument */
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/restrict-template-expressions */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-call */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-member-access */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-assignment */
@@ -19,7 +18,7 @@ const REQUEST_TIMEOUT = 3000
 
 const createLocation = async (session, mapboxData) => {
   const data = {
-    id: mapboxData.id + (mapboxData.address ? `-${mapboxData.address}` : ''),
+    id: mapboxData.id + (mapboxData.address ? `-${String(mapboxData.address)}` : ''),
     nameEN: mapboxData.text_en,
     nameDE: mapboxData.text_de,
     nameFR: mapboxData.text_fr,
@@ -77,9 +76,9 @@ export const createOrUpdateLocations = async (
   if (locationName !== null) {
     const response: any = await fetch(
       `https://api.mapbox.com/geocoding/v5/mapbox.places/${encodeURIComponent(
-        locationName,
+        String(locationName),
       )}.json?access_token=${
-        context.config.MAPBOX_TOKEN
+        String(context.config.MAPBOX_TOKEN)
       }&types=region,place,country,address&language=${locales.join(',')}`,
       {
         signal: AbortSignal.timeout(REQUEST_TIMEOUT),
@@ -115,7 +114,7 @@ export const createOrUpdateLocations = async (
     let parent = data
 
     if (parent.address) {
-      parent.id += `-${parent.address}`
+      parent.id += `-${String(parent.address)}`
     }
 
     if (data.context) {
@@ -147,7 +146,7 @@ export const createOrUpdateLocations = async (
   await session.writeTransaction((transaction) => {
     return transaction.run(
       `
-        MATCH (node:${nodeLabel} {id: $nodeId})
+        MATCH (node:${String(nodeLabel)} {id: $nodeId})
         OPTIONAL MATCH (node)-[relationship:IS_IN]->(:Location)
         DELETE relationship
         WITH node
@@ -162,7 +161,7 @@ export const createOrUpdateLocations = async (
 
 export const queryLocations = async ({ place, lang }, context: Context) => {
   const res: any = await fetch(
-    `https://api.mapbox.com/geocoding/v5/mapbox.places/${place}.json?access_token=${context.config.MAPBOX_TOKEN}&types=region,place,country&language=${lang}`,
+    `https://api.mapbox.com/geocoding/v5/mapbox.places/${String(place)}.json?access_token=${String(context.config.MAPBOX_TOKEN)}&types=region,place,country&language=${String(lang)}`,
     {
       signal: AbortSignal.timeout(REQUEST_TIMEOUT),
     },
diff --git a/backend/src/middleware/excerptMiddleware.ts b/backend/src/middleware/excerptMiddleware.ts
index b3b23555a..d9aa99096 100644
--- a/backend/src/middleware/excerptMiddleware.ts
+++ b/backend/src/middleware/excerptMiddleware.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/require-await */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-call */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-member-access */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-assignment */
@@ -9,33 +8,33 @@ import { DESCRIPTION_EXCERPT_HTML_LENGTH } from '@constants/groups'
 
 import type { IMiddlewareResolver } from 'graphql-middleware/dist/types'
 
-const createGroup: IMiddlewareResolver = async (resolve, root, args, context, info) => {
+const createGroup: IMiddlewareResolver = (resolve, root, args, context, info) => {
   args.descriptionExcerpt = trunc(args.description, DESCRIPTION_EXCERPT_HTML_LENGTH).html
   return resolve(root, args, context, info)
 }
 
-const updateGroup: IMiddlewareResolver = async (resolve, root, args, context, info) => {
+const updateGroup: IMiddlewareResolver = (resolve, root, args, context, info) => {
   if (args.description)
     args.descriptionExcerpt = trunc(args.description, DESCRIPTION_EXCERPT_HTML_LENGTH).html
   return resolve(root, args, context, info)
 }
 
-const createPost: IMiddlewareResolver = async (resolve, root, args, context, info) => {
+const createPost: IMiddlewareResolver = (resolve, root, args, context, info) => {
   args.contentExcerpt = trunc(args.content, 120).html
   return resolve(root, args, context, info)
 }
 
-const updatePost: IMiddlewareResolver = async (resolve, root, args, context, info) => {
+const updatePost: IMiddlewareResolver = (resolve, root, args, context, info) => {
   args.contentExcerpt = trunc(args.content, 120).html
   return resolve(root, args, context, info)
 }
 
-const createComment: IMiddlewareResolver = async (resolve, root, args, context, info) => {
+const createComment: IMiddlewareResolver = (resolve, root, args, context, info) => {
   args.contentExcerpt = trunc(args.content, 180).html
   return resolve(root, args, context, info)
 }
 
-const updateComment: IMiddlewareResolver = async (resolve, root, args, context, info) => {
+const updateComment: IMiddlewareResolver = (resolve, root, args, context, info) => {
   args.contentExcerpt = trunc(args.content, 180).html
   return resolve(root, args, context, info)
 }
diff --git a/backend/src/middleware/notifications/notificationsMiddleware.ts b/backend/src/middleware/notifications/notificationsMiddleware.ts
index 24c6273c6..7c02fdba0 100644
--- a/backend/src/middleware/notifications/notificationsMiddleware.ts
+++ b/backend/src/middleware/notifications/notificationsMiddleware.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-assignment */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-member-access */
 /* eslint-disable security/detect-object-injection */
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-use-before-define */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/prefer-nullish-coalescing */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/restrict-plus-operands */
 import {
@@ -43,136 +42,6 @@ const publishNotifications = async (
   return emailsSent
 }
 
-const handleJoinGroup: IMiddlewareResolver = async (resolve, root, args, context, resolveInfo) => {
-  const { groupId, userId } = args
-  const user = await resolve(root, args, context, resolveInfo)
-  if (user) {
-    await publishNotifications(
-      context,
-      notifyOwnersOfGroup(groupId, userId, 'user_joined_group', context),
-      'emailNotificationsGroupMemberJoined',
-    )
-  }
-  return user
-}
-
-const handleLeaveGroup: IMiddlewareResolver = async (resolve, root, args, context, resolveInfo) => {
-  const { groupId, userId } = args
-  const user = await resolve(root, args, context, resolveInfo)
-  if (user) {
-    await publishNotifications(
-      context,
-      notifyOwnersOfGroup(groupId, userId, 'user_left_group', context),
-      'emailNotificationsGroupMemberLeft',
-    )
-  }
-  return user
-}
-
-const handleChangeGroupMemberRole: IMiddlewareResolver = async (
-  resolve,
-  root,
-  args,
-  context,
-  resolveInfo,
-) => {
-  const { groupId, userId } = args
-  const user = await resolve(root, args, context, resolveInfo)
-  if (user) {
-    await publishNotifications(
-      context,
-      notifyMemberOfGroup(groupId, userId, 'changed_group_member_role', context),
-      'emailNotificationsGroupMemberRoleChanged',
-    )
-  }
-  return user
-}
-
-const handleRemoveUserFromGroup: IMiddlewareResolver = async (
-  resolve,
-  root,
-  args,
-  context,
-  resolveInfo,
-) => {
-  const { groupId, userId } = args
-  const user = await resolve(root, args, context, resolveInfo)
-  if (user) {
-    await publishNotifications(
-      context,
-      notifyMemberOfGroup(groupId, userId, 'removed_user_from_group', context),
-      'emailNotificationsGroupMemberRemoved',
-    )
-  }
-  return user
-}
-
-const handleContentDataOfPost: IMiddlewareResolver = async (
-  resolve,
-  root,
-  args,
-  context,
-  resolveInfo,
-) => {
-  const { groupId } = args
-  const idsOfUsers = extractMentionedUsers(args.content)
-  const post = await resolve(root, args, context, resolveInfo)
-  if (post) {
-    const sentEmails: string[] = await publishNotifications(
-      context,
-      notifyUsersOfMention('Post', post.id, idsOfUsers, 'mentioned_in_post', context),
-      'emailNotificationsMention',
-    )
-    sentEmails.concat(
-      await publishNotifications(
-        context,
-        notifyFollowingUsers(post.id, groupId, context),
-        'emailNotificationsFollowingUsers',
-        sentEmails,
-      ),
-    )
-    await publishNotifications(
-      context,
-      notifyGroupMembersOfNewPost(post.id, groupId, context),
-      'emailNotificationsPostInGroup',
-      sentEmails,
-    )
-  }
-  return post
-}
-
-const handleContentDataOfComment: IMiddlewareResolver = async (
-  resolve,
-  root,
-  args,
-  context,
-  resolveInfo,
-) => {
-  const { content } = args
-  let idsOfMentionedUsers = extractMentionedUsers(content)
-  const comment = await resolve(root, args, context, resolveInfo)
-  const [postAuthor] = await postAuthorOfComment(comment.id, { context })
-  idsOfMentionedUsers = idsOfMentionedUsers.filter((id) => id !== postAuthor.id)
-  const sentEmails: string[] = await publishNotifications(
-    context,
-    notifyUsersOfMention(
-      'Comment',
-      comment.id,
-      idsOfMentionedUsers,
-      'mentioned_in_comment',
-      context,
-    ),
-    'emailNotificationsMention',
-  )
-  await publishNotifications(
-    context,
-    notifyUsersOfComment('Comment', comment.id, 'commented_on_post', context),
-    'emailNotificationsCommentOnObservedPost',
-    sentEmails,
-  )
-  return comment
-}
-
 const postAuthorOfComment = async (commentId, { context }) => {
   const session = context.driver.session()
   let postAuthorId
@@ -448,6 +317,136 @@ const notifyUsersOfComment = async (label, commentId, reason, context) => {
   }
 }
 
+const handleJoinGroup: IMiddlewareResolver = async (resolve, root, args, context, resolveInfo) => {
+  const { groupId, userId } = args
+  const user = await resolve(root, args, context, resolveInfo)
+  if (user) {
+    await publishNotifications(
+      context,
+      notifyOwnersOfGroup(groupId, userId, 'user_joined_group', context),
+      'emailNotificationsGroupMemberJoined',
+    )
+  }
+  return user
+}
+
+const handleLeaveGroup: IMiddlewareResolver = async (resolve, root, args, context, resolveInfo) => {
+  const { groupId, userId } = args
+  const user = await resolve(root, args, context, resolveInfo)
+  if (user) {
+    await publishNotifications(
+      context,
+      notifyOwnersOfGroup(groupId, userId, 'user_left_group', context),
+      'emailNotificationsGroupMemberLeft',
+    )
+  }
+  return user
+}
+
+const handleChangeGroupMemberRole: IMiddlewareResolver = async (
+  resolve,
+  root,
+  args,
+  context,
+  resolveInfo,
+) => {
+  const { groupId, userId } = args
+  const user = await resolve(root, args, context, resolveInfo)
+  if (user) {
+    await publishNotifications(
+      context,
+      notifyMemberOfGroup(groupId, userId, 'changed_group_member_role', context),
+      'emailNotificationsGroupMemberRoleChanged',
+    )
+  }
+  return user
+}
+
+const handleRemoveUserFromGroup: IMiddlewareResolver = async (
+  resolve,
+  root,
+  args,
+  context,
+  resolveInfo,
+) => {
+  const { groupId, userId } = args
+  const user = await resolve(root, args, context, resolveInfo)
+  if (user) {
+    await publishNotifications(
+      context,
+      notifyMemberOfGroup(groupId, userId, 'removed_user_from_group', context),
+      'emailNotificationsGroupMemberRemoved',
+    )
+  }
+  return user
+}
+
+const handleContentDataOfPost: IMiddlewareResolver = async (
+  resolve,
+  root,
+  args,
+  context,
+  resolveInfo,
+) => {
+  const { groupId } = args
+  const idsOfUsers = extractMentionedUsers(args.content)
+  const post = await resolve(root, args, context, resolveInfo)
+  if (post) {
+    const sentEmails: string[] = await publishNotifications(
+      context,
+      notifyUsersOfMention('Post', post.id, idsOfUsers, 'mentioned_in_post', context),
+      'emailNotificationsMention',
+    )
+    sentEmails.concat(
+      await publishNotifications(
+        context,
+        notifyFollowingUsers(post.id, groupId, context),
+        'emailNotificationsFollowingUsers',
+        sentEmails,
+      ),
+    )
+    await publishNotifications(
+      context,
+      notifyGroupMembersOfNewPost(post.id, groupId, context),
+      'emailNotificationsPostInGroup',
+      sentEmails,
+    )
+  }
+  return post
+}
+
+const handleContentDataOfComment: IMiddlewareResolver = async (
+  resolve,
+  root,
+  args,
+  context,
+  resolveInfo,
+) => {
+  const { content } = args
+  let idsOfMentionedUsers = extractMentionedUsers(content)
+  const comment = await resolve(root, args, context, resolveInfo)
+  const [postAuthor] = await postAuthorOfComment(comment.id, { context })
+  idsOfMentionedUsers = idsOfMentionedUsers.filter((id) => id !== postAuthor.id)
+  const sentEmails: string[] = await publishNotifications(
+    context,
+    notifyUsersOfMention(
+      'Comment',
+      comment.id,
+      idsOfMentionedUsers,
+      'mentioned_in_comment',
+      context,
+    ),
+    'emailNotificationsMention',
+  )
+  await publishNotifications(
+    context,
+    notifyUsersOfComment('Comment', comment.id, 'commented_on_post', context),
+    'emailNotificationsCommentOnObservedPost',
+    sentEmails,
+  )
+  return comment
+}
+
 const handleCreateMessage: IMiddlewareResolver = async (
   resolve,
   root,
diff --git a/backend/src/middleware/permissionsMiddleware.ts b/backend/src/middleware/permissionsMiddleware.ts
index 3cbcdd0b5..2971febbe 100644
--- a/backend/src/middleware/permissionsMiddleware.ts
+++ b/backend/src/middleware/permissionsMiddleware.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-argument */
 
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-return */
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/require-await */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-member-access */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-assignment */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unnecessary-type-conversion */
@@ -22,27 +21,27 @@ const neode = getNeode()
 
 const isAuthenticated = rule({
   cache: 'contextual',
-})(async (_parent, _args, ctx, _info) => {
+})((_parent, _args, ctx, _info) => {
   return !!ctx?.user?.id
 })
 
-const isModerator = rule()(async (_parent, _args, { user }: Context, _info) => {
+const isModerator = rule()((_parent, _args, { user }: Context, _info) => {
   return !!(user && (user.role === 'moderator' || user.role === 'admin'))
 })
 
-const isAdmin = rule()(async (_parent, _args, { user }: Context, _info) => {
+const isAdmin = rule()((_parent, _args, { user }: Context, _info) => {
   return !!(user?.role === 'admin')
 })
 
 const onlyYourself = rule({
   cache: 'no_cache',
-})(async (_parent, args, context: Context, _info) => {
+})((_parent, args, context: Context, _info) => {
   return context.user?.id === args.id
 })
 
 const isMyOwn = rule({
   cache: 'no_cache',
-})(async (parent, _args, { user }: Context, _info) => {
+})((parent, _args, { user }: Context, _info) => {
   return !!(user && user.id === parent.id)
 })
 
@@ -362,21 +361,21 @@ const isAuthor = rule({
 
 const isDeletingOwnAccount = rule({
   cache: 'no_cache',
-})(async (_parent, args, context: Context, _info) => {
+})((_parent, args, context: Context, _info) => {
   return context.user?.id === args.id
 })
 
 const noEmailFilter = rule({
   cache: 'no_cache',
-})(async (_, args) => {
+})((_, args) => {
   return !('email' in args)
 })
 
 const publicRegistration = rule()(
-  async (_parent, _args, context: Context) => context.config.PUBLIC_REGISTRATION,
+  (_parent, _args, context: Context) => context.config.PUBLIC_REGISTRATION,
 )
 
-const inviteRegistration = rule()(async (_parent, args, context: Context) => {
+const inviteRegistration = rule()((_parent, args, context: Context) => {
   if (!context.config.INVITE_REGISTRATION) return false
   const { inviteCode } = args
   return validateInviteCode(context, inviteCode)
diff --git a/backend/src/middleware/slugify/uniqueSlug.ts b/backend/src/middleware/slugify/uniqueSlug.ts
index ace6d49b7..9d238f71f 100644
--- a/backend/src/middleware/slugify/uniqueSlug.ts
+++ b/backend/src/middleware/slugify/uniqueSlug.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-shadow */
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/restrict-template-expressions */
 import slugify from 'slugify'
 
 slugify.extend({ Ä: 'AE', ä: 'ae', Ö: 'OE', ö: 'oe', Ü: 'UE', ü: 'ue', ß: 'ss' })
@@ -16,7 +15,7 @@ export default async function uniqueSlug(str: string, isUnique: IsUnique) {
   let uniqueSlug: string
   do {
     count += 1
-    uniqueSlug = `${slug}-${count}`
+    uniqueSlug = `${slug}-${String(count)}`
   } while (!(await isUnique(uniqueSlug)))
   return uniqueSlug
 }
diff --git a/backend/src/middleware/softDelete/softDeleteMiddleware.ts b/backend/src/middleware/softDelete/softDeleteMiddleware.ts
index 6f277e7d6..0ea49bad2 100644
--- a/backend/src/middleware/softDelete/softDeleteMiddleware.ts
+++ b/backend/src/middleware/softDelete/softDeleteMiddleware.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/require-await */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-argument */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-member-access */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-return */
@@ -8,7 +7,7 @@ const isModerator = ({ user }) => {
   return user && (user.role === 'moderator' || user.role === 'admin')
 }
 
-const setDefaultFilters: IMiddlewareResolver = async (resolve, root, args, context, info) => {
+const setDefaultFilters: IMiddlewareResolver = (resolve, root, args, context, info) => {
   args.deleted = false
 
   if (!isModerator(context)) {
@@ -17,7 +16,7 @@ const setDefaultFilters: IMiddlewareResolver = async (resolve, root, args, conte
   return resolve(root, args, context, info)
 }
 
-const obfuscate: IMiddlewareResolver = async (resolve, root, args, context, info) => {
+const obfuscate: IMiddlewareResolver = (resolve, root, args, context, info) => {
   if (root.deleted || (!isModerator(context) && root.disabled)) {
     root.content = 'UNAVAILABLE'
     root.contentExcerpt = 'UNAVAILABLE'
@@ -31,7 +30,7 @@ const obfuscate: IMiddlewareResolver = async (resolve, root, args, context, info
   return resolve(root, args, context, info)
 }
 
-const mutationDefaults: IMiddlewareResolver = async (resolve, root, args, context, info) => {
+const mutationDefaults: IMiddlewareResolver = (resolve, root, args, context, info) => {
   args.disabled = false
   // TODO: remove as soon as our factories don't need this anymore
   if (typeof args.deleted !== 'boolean') {
diff --git a/backend/src/middleware/userInteractions.ts b/backend/src/middleware/userInteractions.ts
index 3433d8adb..f79f77598 100644
--- a/backend/src/middleware/userInteractions.ts
+++ b/backend/src/middleware/userInteractions.ts
@@ -2,16 +2,15 @@
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-call */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-member-access */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-assignment */
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/restrict-template-expressions */
 import type { IMiddlewareResolver } from 'graphql-middleware/dist/types'
 
 const createRelatedCypher = (relation) => `
 MATCH (user:User { id: $currentUser})
 MATCH (post:Post { id: $postId})
-OPTIONAL MATCH (post)<-[r:${relation}]-(u:User)
+OPTIONAL MATCH (post)<-[r:${String(relation)}]-(u:User)
 WHERE NOT u.disabled AND NOT u.deleted
 WITH user, post, count(DISTINCT u) AS count
-MERGE (user)-[relation:${relation} { }]->(post)
+MERGE (user)-[relation:${String(relation)} { }]->(post)
 ON CREATE
 SET relation.count = 1,
 relation.createdAt = toString(datetime()),
diff --git a/backend/src/middleware/validation/validationMiddleware.ts b/backend/src/middleware/validation/validationMiddleware.ts
index 331c8414c..c6c87539c 100644
--- a/backend/src/middleware/validation/validationMiddleware.ts
+++ b/backend/src/middleware/validation/validationMiddleware.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/require-await */
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/restrict-template-expressions */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-return */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-call */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-member-access */
@@ -16,7 +14,7 @@ const validateCreateComment: IMiddlewareResolver = async (resolve, root, args, c
   const { postId } = args
 
   if (!args.content || content.length < COMMENT_MIN_LENGTH) {
-    throw new UserInputError(`Comment must be at least ${COMMENT_MIN_LENGTH} character long!`)
+    throw new UserInputError(`Comment must be at least ${String(COMMENT_MIN_LENGTH)} character long!`)
   }
   const session = context.driver.session()
   try {
@@ -43,16 +41,16 @@ const validateCreateComment: IMiddlewareResolver = async (resolve, root, args, c
   }
 }
 
-const validateUpdateComment: IMiddlewareResolver = async (resolve, root, args, context, info) => {
+const validateUpdateComment: IMiddlewareResolver = (resolve, root, args, context, info) => {
   const content = args.content.replace(/<(?:.|\n)*?>/gm, '').trim()
   if (!args.content || content.length < COMMENT_MIN_LENGTH) {
-    throw new UserInputError(`Comment must be at least ${COMMENT_MIN_LENGTH} character long!`)
+    throw new UserInputError(`Comment must be at least ${String(COMMENT_MIN_LENGTH)} character long!`)
   }
 
   return resolve(root, args, context, info)
 }
 
-const validateReport: IMiddlewareResolver = async (resolve, root, args, context, info) => {
+const validateReport: IMiddlewareResolver = (resolve, root, args, context, info) => {
   const { resourceId } = args
   const { user } = context
   if (resourceId === user.id) throw new Error('You cannot report yourself!')
@@ -92,14 +90,14 @@ const validateReview: IMiddlewareResolver = async (resolve, root, args, context,
     existingReportedResource = existingReportedResource[0]
     if (!existingReportedResource.filed)
       throw new Error(
-        `Before starting the review process, please report the ${existingReportedResource.label}!`,
+        `Before starting the review process, please report the ${String(existingReportedResource.label)}!`,
       )
     const authorId =
       existingReportedResource.label !== 'User' && existingReportedResource.author
         ? existingReportedResource.author.properties.id
         : null
     if (authorId && authorId === user.id)
-      throw new Error(`You cannot review your own ${existingReportedResource.label}!`)
+      throw new Error(`You cannot review your own ${String(existingReportedResource.label)}!`)
   } finally {
     await session.close()
   }
@@ -107,7 +105,7 @@ const validateReview: IMiddlewareResolver = async (resolve, root, args, context,
   return resolve(root, args, context, info)
 }
 
-export const validateNotifyUsers = async (label: string, reason: string): Promise<void> => {
+export const validateNotifyUsers = (label: string, reason: string): void => {
   const reasonsAllowed = [
     'mentioned_in_post',
     'mentioned_in_comment',
@@ -124,10 +122,10 @@ export const validateNotifyUsers = async (label: string, reason: string): Promis
   }
 }
 
-const validateUpdateUser: IMiddlewareResolver = async (resolve, root, params, context, info) => {
+const validateUpdateUser: IMiddlewareResolver = (resolve, root, params, context, info) => {
   const { name } = params
   if (typeof name === 'string' && name.trim().length < USERNAME_MIN_LENGTH)
-    throw new UserInputError(`Username must be at least ${USERNAME_MIN_LENGTH} character long!`)
+    throw new UserInputError(`Username must be at least ${String(USERNAME_MIN_LENGTH)} character long!`)
   return resolve(root, params, context, info)
 }
 
diff --git a/backend/src/middleware/xssMiddleware.ts b/backend/src/middleware/xssMiddleware.ts
index e7863efb2..0b9d58bbf 100644
--- a/backend/src/middleware/xssMiddleware.ts
+++ b/backend/src/middleware/xssMiddleware.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 /* eslint-disable security/detect-object-injection */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-argument */
 /* eslint-disable promise/prefer-await-to-callbacks */
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/require-await */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-member-access */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-call */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-assignment */
@@ -47,7 +46,7 @@ const fields = [
   { field: 'descriptionExcerpt' },
 ]
 
-const mutationXss: IMiddlewareResolver = async (resolve, root, args, context, info) => {
+const mutationXss: IMiddlewareResolver = (resolve, root, args, context, info) => {
   args = walkRecursive(args, fields, info.fieldName, cleanHtml)
   return resolve(root, args, context, info)
 }
diff --git a/backend/src/server.ts b/backend/src/server.ts
index 9909da75e..e10106939 100644
--- a/backend/src/server.ts
+++ b/backend/src/server.ts
@@ -102,8 +102,7 @@ const createServer = async (options?: CreateServerOptions) => {
     plugins: [
       ApolloServerPluginDrainHttpServer({ httpServer }),
       {
-        // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/require-await
-        async serverWillStart() {
+        serverWillStart() {
           return {
             async drainServer() {
               await serverCleanup.dispose()