468 lines
15 KiB
Plaintext
Executable File
468 lines
15 KiB
Plaintext
Executable File
topics
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about-us
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style-book
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1435309
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-----
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# Telegraph style book: Cc
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![Telegraph Style Book][1]
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Image 1 of 2
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Telegraph Style Book
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![Telegraph Style Book][1]
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Image 1 of 2
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Telegraph Style Book
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10:32AM BST 12 Apr 2008
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**[A][2]** | **[B][3]** | **[C][4]** | **[D][5]** | **[E][6]** | **[F][7]** |
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**[G][8]** | **[H][9]** | **[I][10]** | **[J][11]** | **[K][12]** |
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**[L][13]** | **[M][14]** | **[N][15]** | **[O][16]** | **[P][17]** |
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**[Q][18]** | **[R][19]** | **[S][20]** | **[T][21]** | **[U][22]** |
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**[V][23]** | **[W][24]** | **[X][25]** | **[Y][26]** | **[Z][27]**
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* [Telegraph style book: introduction][28]
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Cabinet is capped when referring to the British one, not to foreign.
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caesarean section, not caesarian, lc (like wellington boot). Also:
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Shakespearean, not Shakespearian.
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Canute: remember that King Canute did not believe that he could turn back the
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tide. His courtiers had flattered him that he could and his demonstration was
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to prove them wrong. Therefore, beware of using his name to illustrate folly
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or bombast.
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Cage, Nicolas
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## Related Articles
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* [Introduction][28]
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10 Jan 2008
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Cambodia, not Kampuchea.
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Campaign to Protect Rural England (CPRE)
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Campbell, Alastair
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canvass: to seek views. Canvas for painters.
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Capping up: the general presumption is against using caps. Their use should be
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to denote something that is unique. The Pill immediately spells the
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contraceptive pill and the Forces indicates that we are talking about
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Britain's military and not the forces of light.
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Royalty: at second mention use upper case for royalty (the Prince), and also
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ex-royalty (the Duchess).
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Ministers: always cap up posts when giving their full title, e.g. Chancellor
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of the Exchequer, Secretary of State for Defence. Subsequently "the
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Chancellor", "the Defence Secretary". With lower ranking ministers give their
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full title with caps (the Minister for Roads, the Minister for Higher
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Education) but afterwards "the minister". Same rules apply to foreign
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governments: caps for Cabinet post, lc for the rest.
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Opposition posts are all lower case: George Osborne, the shadow chancellor.
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Also: the shadow cabinet; the national executive committee; the Labour Party
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conference. The word Opposition, when used to describe the second largest
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party in the House of Commons, takes the cap. However, since the Treasury
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always takes a cap, write shadow chief secretary to the Treasury.
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For other office holders, cap up at first mention when giving full title (The
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Archbishop of York) but then lc (the archbishop).The National Lottery, lottery
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thereafter. Note Commissions, Trusts etc are lower case after the initial full
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name: i.e. The Millennium Commission, the European Commission, the National
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Trust, thereafter become the commission, the trust.
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Use lower case for the names of councils, eg Sometown district council.
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The Civil Service (but civil servants), the Services (meaning Armed Forces),
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but the fire service, the police service, social services (except in titles).
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East and West, Left and Right in politics, North, South-East as names of
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regions, but north of Watford, west of Bristol.
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Lower case for government when used adjectivally (a government spokesman,
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government policy); also for state, press.
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In England, the North, the South &c, but "he moved north".
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The South-East (hyphenated), but "storms hit south-east England".
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Eastern Europe, but east London: use cap when making a political rather than
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geographic division, thus Eastern v Western politics.
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Use acronyms for well-known organisations. Some, such as Nato, can stand alone
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but others need explanation. When there is no acronym, avoid repetition of
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clusters of initials by using a variant of the title of the organisation as
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in: (RMT) the union, the transport workers.
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See also sections _ [Names and Titles][29] _and _ [Places and Peoples][30] _.
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captions: do not tell the reader what he or she can see perfectly well in the
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picture ("A man stands on his head while balancing a bucket of water on the
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soles of his feet"). When writing the "bullet" start to captions avoid
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creaking puns and keep an eye on taste. A caption to a picture of a funeral
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might do well to drop the bullet if no better effort than "RIP: xxxxx" or "At
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rest: xxxxxx" (both have been published elsewhere) can be found. See also
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[tenses][31].
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Picture captions do not have full stops at the end.
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In stories where we are running the pictures of several dead, avoid using the
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same bullet "Dead: xxxxxxxx" half a dozen times. The repetition can seem crass
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and unfeeling.
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carcase: carcass is American.
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carnage is a loaded word and should be used precisely. It means extensive or
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indiscriminate slaughter. It does not mean a motorway pile-up.
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car park
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Catholics: Roman Catholic at first mention. Many Christians in other
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denominations regard themselves as Catholics.
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caviar, no e on the end.
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CD-Rom
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celebrity: only to be used satirically.
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Center Parcs
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Central Saint Martins: no apostrophe.
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centre on, not centre around.
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century: lc c for 20th century etc.
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chairman even when she is a woman. Chair, except in direct quotes, means a
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piece of furniture.
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champagne: should only be used to denote the real thing and is not capped; for
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other similar products use sparkling wine.
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Channel 4: use figures to denote Radio 3, Radio 4 etc, but the television
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channels are BBC One, BBC Two
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Channel tunnel, lower case t
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Chappaquiddick
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charolais/charollais: one l for cattle, 2 l's for sheep.
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Chateau d'Yquem
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Cheltenham Ladies' College: note apostrophe.
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cheese: most British and French cheeses are specific to a place. Therefore,
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when writing their names, cap them up: red Leicester, Cornish yarg,
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Wensleydale, Pont l'Eveque, Camembert. As cheddar has become a generic term
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used worldwide, it is lower case.
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child care is a two-word term: see also health care.
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ChildLine
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child minder
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cholesterol
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choice: the phrase "two choices" is illogical: where there are options, there
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is a single choice. Two choices would mean there are two sets of options
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between which two separate choices can be made.
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Christ Church Oxford (not Christ Church College).
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Christian names: refer to first names or forenames if there is doubt about the
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person's membership of the Christian Church or tradition. Adults should not be
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referred to by their first names. Minors may be.
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Christie's/Christies: with apostrophe for auction houses, but Christies for
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the company and offshoots (eg Christies International plc).
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Christmas lunch is what most of our readers would eat, not Christmas dinner.
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Use the latter only if referring specifically to an evening meal.
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church: capitalise for the institution, even when only one denomination is
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meant; lower case for buildings and plural references to denominations.
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(Members of many churches heard the sermon about sin. The bishop said the
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Church's teaching was that it was wrong.)
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Citizens Advice Bureau: No possessive. (Plural bureaus)
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City Hall (for London).
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CJD: only vCJD is the so-called human form of mad cow disease
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claim should be used only when the suggestion that someone is lying or wrong:
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treat with care
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Claridge's
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Clarks shoes
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Clause Four
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cliches: too many to list, but avoid these to start with: at the end of the
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day, everyone wants a piece of him, a slice of the action, to die for, kick-
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start, sea-change, Tinseltown, Big Apple, personal demons, day job, wake-up
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call, early hours, red faces, banana skins, set alarm bells ringing, assume
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the mantle of, caught between a rock and a hard place, anyone behaving badly,
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emotional rollercoaster, baptism of fire, hauntingly or achingly beautiful,
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hits the ground running, meteoric rise, rich vein or rich seam, safe pair of
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hands, veritable feast, laid bare, history was made last night, hotly deny,
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lashed out, merry widow, red or green light, furious or bitter rows, shock
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report, sweet smell of success, thin on the ground, wannabe, told the Daily
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Telegraph.
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Clinton: Hillary with two l's.
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Clostridium difficile: first mention, C. difficile, second mention C.diff.
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Co: as an abbreviation for company, use only in the registered names of
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businesses. Company names should shed Ltd or PLC except in the rare cases
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where it is needed to avoid confusion with personal names.
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Cobbleigh, Uncle Tom.
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Coca-Cola
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Coco Pops
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Cold War
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collisions occur between moving things or people. Cars hit trees, they do not
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collide with them.
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colleges: many schools use college as part of their names. The word is often
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superfluous at first mention, and they are always "the school" after first
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mention.
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_Oxbridge colleges and halls_:
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OXFORD: All Souls, Balliol, Brasenose, Christ Church, Corpus Christi, Exeter,
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Green, Hertford, Jesus, Keble, Lady Margaret Hall, Linacre, Lincoln, Magdalen,
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Merton, New College, Nuffield, Oriel, Pembroke, Queen's, St Anne's, St
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Antony's, St Catherine's, St Cross, St Edmund Hall, St John's, St Peter's,
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Trinity, University, Wadham, Wolfson, Worcester, Campion Hall, St Benet's
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Hall, Mansfield, Regent's Park, Greyfriars, St Hilda's, St Hugh's. Somerville.
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CAMBRIDGE: Christ's, Churchill, Clare, Clare Hall, Corpus Christi, Darwin
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Downing, Emmanuel, Fitzwilliam, Girton, Gonville and Caius (Caius at second
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mention), Jesus, King's, Magdalene, New Hall and Caius, Newnham, Pembroke,
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Peterhouse, Queens', Robinson, St Catharine's, St Edmund's House, St John's,
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Selwyn, Sidney Sussex, Trinity, Trinity Hall, Wolfson. Cambridge University
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also includes approved societies: Homerton, Hughes Hall, Lucy Cavendish
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Collegiate Society.
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The use of college in the names of colleges is sometimes superfluous or a
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solecism. Never use Christ Church College or Peterhouse College. Note spelling
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of Magdalen and Magdalene, Queen's and Queens', St Catherine's and St
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Catharine's. Always New College in full.
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Chavez, Hugo
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colon: precedes an explanation, example or list. The colon's function is to
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deliver the goods invoiced in the preceding words. It links two grammatically
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complete clauses but makes a step forward from the intro to the main theme.
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Colosseum: Rome. The London opera house is the Coliseum.
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comedic: pompous Americanism, use comic. The noun is comedian.
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common sense: two words as nouns, one as an adjective.
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Communist should be capped only in references to people who are members of
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Communist parties (He has communist views on some subjects).
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compare to/compare with: _with_ compares like with like (this year's figures
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compared _with_ last year's), whereas _to_ is descriptive or allegorical -
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"Shall I compare thee _to_ a summer's day" (but compare one summer's day
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_with_ another). Therefore, most usages in news will require with.
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comparative prices: it is fatuous to compare prices across the ages. Remember
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that what sounds a niggardly sum today may have been a small - or a large -
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fortune at the time. This applies particularly to sale prices and wages.
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comprise: the whole comprises the parts. "The collection comprises nuts, bolts
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and washers." It never takes of.
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Conde Nast
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confidant/confidante: note the gender difference.
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Congress in the United States is made up of the Senate and the House of
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Representatives. We do not use Congressman John Smith; use John Smith, a
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member of Congress, or, more specifically, John Smith a member of the House of
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Representatives. Senator John Smith.
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consensus: consensus of opinion is tautological.
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Conservative for members of the party and its policies, but lower case for
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conservative attitudes.
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consonants are doubled in certain circumstances before the suffixes -able,
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-age, -ed, -en, -er, -ery, -ing, -ish, -y. e.g regret/regrettable,
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flat/flattish, rob/ robbery, clan/clannish, dim/dimmer, top/topping. Do not
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double h, w, x, y: washable, stowage, taxed, braying. Normally double the
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final consonant if it is preceded by a vowel sound denoted by a single letter
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in monosyllables, or if a single vowel is stressed in the final syllable of
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longer words: setting, rigging, repelling, formatting. In words not stressed
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on the final syllable, double only the letter "lI" before suffixes beginning
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with a vowel: devilling, but appearing. Otherwise the final consonant of such
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stem words is not doubled.
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Most verbs ending in -fer double the "r" before -ed and -ing but not before
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-able: referred, conferring, but offered, offering. Silent final consonants
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are not doubled. There are many exceptions to these rules. Note: Benefited,
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handicapped, humbugged, kidnapped, paralleled, paralleling, picketed, woolly,
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woollen. Many compound words follow the rule for monosyllables (horsewhipped,
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leapfrogged).
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Continent should be capped when used as a synonym for Europe: they spent a
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week motoring on the Continent.
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continuous describes something uninterrupted; continual allows a break. There
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was a continuous line of people; there were continual interruptions
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contractions: the likes of I'd, it's, can't etc should be confined to quotes.
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While they may confer informality on the style of a column, they may equally
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grate and become irritating if overused.
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co-operate: takes the hyphen.
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co-operative but capped in references to the Co-operative movement. Co-op in
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heads.
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Copyright: at the end of copyrighted text, correct is: (C)John Smith 2008.
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coronation is lower case unless referring to a specific event: each new
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monarch has a coronation; the Coronation of King George VI was in 1937.
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Cote d'Azur
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Councillor is abbreviated to Cllr.
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country: it. ship: she.
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Country Landowners' Association
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Coward, Sir Noel
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crackdown: tabloid.
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Cradock, Fanny
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crash: the word should only be used in the most extreme circumstances when
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describing a fall in share prices. Markets are today so volatile that its use
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to describe a one-day precipitate fall may be an exaggeration. To use the word
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legitimately there has to have been not merely a steep fall - at least 10 per
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cent - but also a sustained fall over two or three days. Equally, avoid other
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emotive terms like "plunge" or "dive", or, in the other direction, "soar" or
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"rocket". Also avoid the conceit that billions of pounds or dollars may be
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"wiped off" the price of shares. Give the facts as soberly as possible and let
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the readers make up their own minds.
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crisis: make sure it is before you use the word: genuine crises are
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exceptionally rare.
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Cruella de Vil
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Crufts: no apostrophe (ignore Writers and Editors).
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cruise missile: lc "c".
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currencies: see Numbers file.
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Currys
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curtsy
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[X][32] Share & bookmark
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Delicious Facebook Google Messenger Reddit Twitter
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Digg Fark LinkedIn Google Buzz StumbleUpon Y! Buzz
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[What are these?][33]
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* Share: [Share][32] [ ][34] [ ][35]
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[Tweet][36]
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http://www.telegraph.co.uk/topics/about-us/style-book/1435309/Telegraph-style-
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book-Cc.html
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Telegraph
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## [Style Book][37]
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* ### [News »][38]
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[X][32] Share & bookmark
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Delicious Facebook Google Messenger Reddit Twitter
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Digg Fark LinkedIn Google Buzz StumbleUpon Y! Buzz
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[What are these?][33]
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Share:
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* [ ][32]
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* [ ][34]
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* [ ][35]
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* [Tweet][36]
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* Advertisement
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![][39]
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Advertisement
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[EDITOR'S CHOICE »][40]
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### [Gil Scott-Heron: 'A voice for Shakespeare'][41]
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[![Gil Scott-Heron][42]][41]
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Composer, musician, poet and author whose writing provided a vivid commentary
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on the black American experience.
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### [Beekeeping diary: the new colonies arrive][43]
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### [Spectacular light show dazzles Sydney][44]
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### [WS Gilbert: a knight for our times][45]
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### [The Telegraph's Matt is Hay Festival star][46]
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Advertisement
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Classified Advertising
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* [Services][47]
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* [Property][48]
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* [Motoring][49]
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Loading
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[Find your ideal job with Telegraph Jobs][50]
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var puffs_8120657 = new Array();
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