2013-04-16 10:05:26 +02:00

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culture
books
bookreviews
8509568
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# Dancing in the Glory of Monsters by Jason K Stearns
## Tim Butcher hails Dancing in the Glory of Monsters by Jason K Stearns, a
brave account of the web of wars in the Congo.
By Tim Butcher 3:26PM BST 13 May 2011
[Comments][1]
[The Congo][2] is one of the toughest places for outsiders to live, but that
is what the American author Jason Stearns has done for much of the past 10
years.
![][3]
Not for him the lavish life of the diamond smuggler or arms dealer; he has
occupied a different place among the country's tiny expat community, starting
out as a human rights researcher before joining the United Nations, and
recently being appointed the Secretary General's point man for war crimes
investigations.
It has been a slog of language training (he communicates in an array of local
dialects), meticulous research (peeling away what he calls "the layers of an
onion") and hard graft (reaching atrocity sites can be both dangerous and
difficult in a country with few roads).
His challenge was not just to unravel the web of wars in the region but to
come up with an analysis that rises above the cliches born of Joseph Conrad.
The result is _Dancing in the Glory of Monsters_, a brave and accessible take
on the leviathan at the heart of so many of Africa's problems.
The complexity of his subject is daunting. The name alone needs attention:
Stearns's Congo is the former Belgian Congo, once Zaire and now the Democratic
Republic of Congo.
Named after Africa's mightiest river, it is the most failed state in the
world's most failed continent and has been in turmoil for decades. As the
author puts it, there is "not one Congo war, or even two, but at least 40 or
50 different, interlocking wars".
Stearns breaks this down into three conflict episodes: the first starting in
1996 with the Rwandan-led invasion that would replace a dictator Rwanda did
not like, Mobutu Sese Seko, with one it did, Laurent Kabila; the second from
1998 when Rwanda changed its mind about Kabila and wanted him gone; and the
third when a peace deal was signed in 2002 that dampened fighting but has
failed to bring full peace even today.
The book's title comes from Kabila's denunciation of his countrymen who had
blindly followed Mobutu down a wormhole of corruption and decay during 32
years in power. He accused them of "dancing in the glory of the monster" but,
as Stearns makes clear, Mobutu was not the only monster at work in the Congo.
The most staggering detail in the book is kept until the end. Supporting notes
drily present the best estimate for the death toll: 5.4 million killed by war
in the Congo between 1998 and 2007, a daily loss of more than 1,500.
That is one of those "pinch yourself to see if it's real" facts: 1,500 a day,
month after month, year after year.
Stearns does not set out to find culprits, but from his measured, crisp
writing the villainy of opportunists is laid bare. Read his account of the
Kasika massacre and you will never view the Tutsi-dominated regime in Rwanda
in quite the same way.
Tiny in comparison to the Congo (a "peanut of a country" says one of the
interviewees), time and again Rwanda has destabilised the entire Great Lakes
region.
Stearns's eye for detail, culled from countless interviews, brings this book
alive. He writes of a Rwandan military incursion where the commander was not
able to report back to base because he did not know the security PIN for his
satellite phone.
Many western leaders (David Cameron and Tony Blair among them) have cosied up
to Rwanda, in part through guilt for international inaction during the
genocide of Tutsis in 1994, swallowing the canard that Rwandan attacks on the
Congo are solely about hunting down genocidaires.
Stearns shows otherwise, writing that shortly after its troops reached the
Congo, Rwanda started declaring diamond exports. The country has no diamond
deposits and all were pillaged from its neighbour.
I once wrote that the Congo suffers from "a lack of institutional memory",
meaning that its atrocities well so inexorably that nobody bothers to keep an
account of them. Stearns's book goes a long way to putting that right.
* Tim Butcher's [Chasing the Devil: On Foot Through Africa's Killing
Fields][4] is published by Vintage at £8.99
Dancing in the Glory of Monsters: the Collapse of the Congo and the Great War
of Africa
by Jason K Stearns
400pp, Public Affairs, £18.99
Buy now for £16.99 (PLUS £1.25 p&p) from [Telegraph Books][5]
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